Pencil sketching and drawing never venture to the heart of things and discuss in detail the unique characteristic of pencil. They all speak rather briefly about the medium and move quickly into tech-niques and demonstrations. Very few spend time talking about the “art of pencil sketching.” To me, the real understanding of pencil sketching. Find and save ideas about Pencil drawings on Pinterest.

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These pencil drawing techniques from top artists will help you take your drawing skills to the next level, whether you're using graphite pencil or coloured pencils.

For many artists, pencil drawing is the skill that introduced them to the art world, and even if you've moved on to a different medium, understanding how to draw with a pencil can help you improve your skills elsewhere. These pencil drawing techniques cover everything from the basics of mark-making to advanced processes to push you out of your comfort zone.

We'll also offer advice on the tools and materials you need to know, such as blending stumps, paper options, and different erasers. If you're a total beginner, or just want to upgrade your kit, take a look at our guide to the best pencils.

Short on time? The video above, from character designer Bobby Chiu, runs through some pencil drawing techniques in action. For more in-depth advice on composition to how to capture light and shadow, take a look at our art techniques article. Or, for inspiration, take a look at this roundup of unbelievably realistic pencil drawings.

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01. Use the right grip

The first step is to master how to hold a pencil correctly. Chiu recommends holding the pencil like you could a piece of charcoal, and using the side of the lead to draw, rather than the point. This helps keep the pencil sharper for longer.

'When covering large areas, I shade with my pencil perpendicular to the line I'm drawing to get wide, soft lines,' he adds. 'For details, I hold my pencil parallel to my lines to get sharp, narrow marks. The only time I use the point is when I'm working on intricate details.'

02. Use a stump for soft blending

How you blend your work can have a big impact on the final result. For a soft blended effect, try a blending stump.

'After each light layer, I very gently blend the coloured pencils with the stump,' says US-based artist Jennifer Healy. 'Don’t push too hard or the colour will stick, making it more difficult to softly blend. I repeat this process as often as I need. After many layers it produces a very soft and delicate look.'

This technique requires a little trial and error, though. Healy warns that if you blend too softly, the stump can pick up colour that you've already layered on the paper.

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03. Mix up shading techniques

There are lots of different pencil drawing techniques relating to shading. Chiu uses two main approaches. The first is with all the lines going in the same direction. 'This makes my shading appear more cohesive, and helps my details pop out from the lines I'm using for shading,' he explains.

The second method involves working in patches of shading, to help define shape. 'Patches of lines go around the form, which help keep things in perspective,' he says. This technique is also great for backgrounds and creating texture.

04. Try different approaches to outlines

The next drawing technique concerns line weight. As well as demarcating different objects, lines can help emphasise shadows. 'Thicker lines can fade and disappear into the shadows, which can help convey the 3D form,' explains Chiu.

Beyond that, different artists have different approaches to lines – you need to find the style that's right for you. 'I prefer to use a distinct outline in my artwork, whether it’s using thin outlines or bold outlines,' says Healy. 'It can help pinpoint the viewer’s eye to a certain area. It also gives a stylised look, if that’s what you are hoping to achieve.'

Chiu, however, prefers a different approach. 'I try to avoid outlining my drawings because this tends to make things look flat and deadens the 3D effect. Breaks and spaces in my lines show form in the lights and shadows.'

05. Master blending

Healy has a specific process for blending her coloured pencil work. She starts with an outline, to check the form is correct before committing to coloured pencil (it's much harder to erase coloured-in areas than an outline). It also helps her plan where the highlights and shadows will fall.

She then builds up colour using subtle layers. 'I like to start out with soft gentle layers to gain a better idea of lighting placement, shadows and the colour palette,' she says. After each layer she blends gently using the blending stump.

Once she has reached a stage she's happy with, she moves on to the final step: adding an outline. For this final layer, Healy uses coloured pencils alone, and does not blend with a stump.

06. Find the right paper texture

The surface texture you're working on will make a big difference to the effects you can create. This is referred to as the grain or 'tooth' of the paper. A rough tooth is more visible, and the ridges will grip the colour from your pencils.

With a smooth tooth, the ridges are very fine, and there's less grip. Healy finds this kind of paper provides an easier surface for blending coloured pencils, although she warns that it's also easy to run the colour off the surface.

07. Start lightly and build from there

'When I start drawing, I plan and explore using loose lines, and avoid committing too early with hard, dark lines,' says Chiu. 'As I progress my lines will change, so checking and rechecking my work is vital. I darken my lines and add details at the end. I don't focus on one area for too long to prevent overdrawing.'

08. Begin with an underdrawing

Artist Tim von Reuden likes to start with a digital underdrawing that he he prints at one per cent Opacity. Above, you can see the underdrawing of his sketch of a woman holding a staff. He explains, 'I like to keep it light so that it acts as a foundation rather than a final image.'

Von Reuden continues: 'I strongly believe in letting intuition take over in the creation process so I work with the underdrawing more as a guideline.' This means the final result varies.

09. Use the right eraser

There are a few different types of eraser, and each is suited to different things. You'll definitely need a kneaded eraser. This has a putty-like consistency (it's sometimes called a putty eraser), and you knead it before and after use.

'A kneaded eraser is best for lightly picking up the coloured pencil binding off the paper. This works wonders when correcting mistakes, or if you’re deliberately lifting colour from an area such as the eyes,' says Healy.

A gum eraser has a more solid consistency, and is better if you're trying to fully erase a coloured-in area.

10. Unify your colours

Having a uniform approach to colour will help bring cohesiveness to your work. 'It’s a good idea to make sure that your artwork has unifying colours,' says Healy. 'This consists of a particular colour palette, mood and a way of spreading these across the entire art piece.'

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She also suggests creating a harmonious base by using tinted paper or adding a background wash of colour (in paint). 'This will show through whatever you lay down on top of it, thus giving it an appearance of cohesion. When I use coloured pencils, I’m fond of using tinted paper produced by Kraft.'

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